Ko te polyvinyl chloride (arā, poly(vinyl chloride), te kupu whakarite: polyvinyl, vinyl rānei; whakarāpopototanga: PVC) te tuatoru o ngā polymer kirihou hangai e tino whānuitia ana te hanga i te ao (whai muri i te polyethylene me te polypropylene). Tata ki te 40 miriona tana o te PVC e hangaia ana i ia tau.
E rua ngā āhua matua o te PVC: he pakari (i ētahi wā ka whakarāpopototia ko te RPVC) me te ngāwari. Ka whakamahia te āhua pakari o te PVC i roto i te hanganga mō ngā paipa me ngā mahi kōtaha pēnei i ngā tatau me ngā matapihi. Ka whakamahia hoki ki te hanga pounamu kirihou, ngā takai kore-kai, ngā pepa uhi kai me ngā kāri kirihou (pēnei i ngā kāri peeke, kāri mema rānei). Ka taea te whakangawari ake, te ngāwari ake hoki mā te tāpiri i ngā mea whakapūmau kirihou, ko te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā phthalates. I roto i tēnei āhua, ka whakamahia hoki ki ngā mahi wai, ki te whakamahana taura hiko, ki te hiako rūpahu, ki ngā papa, ki ngā tohu, ki ngā rekoata phonograph, ki ngā hua pupuhi, me te maha o ngā mahi hei whakakapi i te rapa. Ki te miro, ki te rinena rānei, ka whakamahia ki te hanga kānawehi.
He mā, he pakarukaru te polyvinyl chloride parakore. Kāore e wairewa i roto i te waipiro engari he paku wairewa i roto i te tetrahydrofuran.
I hangaia te PVC i te tau 1872 e te kaimātai matū Tiamana a Eugen Baumann whai muri i te rangahau roa me te whakamātautau. I puta te pūmua hei totoka mā i roto i tētahi pounamu o te vinyl chloride i waiho ki runga i tētahi whata e tiakina ana mai i te rā mō ngā wiki e whā. I te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, i ngana te kaimātai matū Rūhia a Ivan Ostromislensky rāua ko Fritz Klatte o te kamupene matū Tiamana a Griesheim-Elektron ki te whakamahi i te PVC i roto i ngā hua arumoni, engari i aukatihia ā rāua mahi e ngā uauatanga ki te tukatuka i te pūmua pakari, pakarukaru i ētahi wā. I whakawhanakehia e Waldo Semon rāua ko te Kamupene BF Goodrich tētahi tikanga i te tau 1926 hei whakakirihou i te PVC mā te whakaranu ki ngā momo tāpiri, tae atu ki te whakamahinga o te dibutyl phthalate i te tau 1933.
Wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-09-2023